Clinical analysis of endovascular management in blunt thoracic aortic injury

Objective@#Blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is a rare but fatal injury. BTAI has been treated surgically, but thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is used as a treatment option and has shown good results. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of patients with BTAI treated using TEVAR. @*Methods@#BTAI patients who had received TEVAR for five years were analyzed. We investigated injury severity score, aortic injury site, computed tomography findings and mortality. @*Results@#We identified 17 patients, and all were diagnosed using computed tomography. Twelve patients received TEVAR as an emergency, and the remaining five patients received TEVAR delayed. The most common injury site was isthmus (82%), and the median injury severity score was 33. There were 15 cases with a BTAI grade of 3 and two cases with a BTAI grade of 4. The mortality rate was 11.8% (n=2). @*Conclusion@#TEVAR is more meaningful because it is easier and faster and has fewer complications than thoracotomy in patients with traumatic aortic injury.

Effect of Nutrition Teachers' Work Load and Job Tention on Job Satisfaction

The purpose of this study was to examine nutrition teachers' workload, job tension, and job satisfaction. Specifically, this study investigated the influence of nutrition teachers' workload and job tension on job satisfaction. A self-administered survey was distributed via online to 240 school nutrition teachers, in Korea, from July 16 to September 5, 2016. A total of 132 respondents completed the survey. The survey asked respondents for the time required for each task, job tension, job satisfaction, and demographic information. The findings of the study indicated that nutrition teachers spent most of their time on foodservice operation/ management. Among factors affecting job satisfaction, amount of work showed the lowest score. Job tension (P<0.001) of school nutrition teachers and amount of work (P<0.01) negatively affected their job satisfaction. Moreover 'kind of work' (P<0.001), 'future of career' (0.01), and 'amount of work' (0.05) were the factors significantly affecting job satisfaction. The study offers implications for governmental policies which can improve school nutrition teachers' satisfaction with their job duties.

Customers' Use of Menu Labeling in Restaurants and Their Perceptions of Menu Labeling Attributes

The purpose of this study was to examine restaurant customers' use of menu labeling and their perception of menu labeling attributes. Further, the study investigated relations of menu labeling use behavior, and perception of menu labeling attributes with behavioral intentions toward menu labeling. Using a self-administered survey conducted for 2 weeks from the 2nd week of October, 2015, data were collected from restaurant customers who were exposed to menu labeling over 3 months at the time of the survey. A total of 426 respondents completed the survey. Respondents were asked about use of menu labeling, usefulness, ease of understanding, accuracy, and demographic information. There was a difference in menu labeling use behavior according to age, whereas respondents aged 50 years or over showed significantly higher use of menu labeling than those in 20s (P<0.001). Perceptions of menu labeling attributes positively affected behavioral intentions towards menu labeling. While all three menu labeling attributes, ‘usefulness’, ‘ease of understanding’, and ‘accuracy’, were positive factors for behavioral intentions towards menu labeling, usefulness was the biggest attribute explaining behavioral intentions (P<0.001). The study findings offer implications that can be applied to academics, the foodservice industry, and government in an attempt to nurture a healthy eating environment through provision of nutritional information at restaurants.

Correlation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Central Obesity and Multiple Body Mass Index in Korea / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of CV risk factors by cross-tabulating central obesity with multiple BMI categories in Korea. METHODS: A total of 328,789 adults aged 30–84 years who completed health assessments for National Health Insurance in 2012–2013 in Korea were examined. The participants were divided into two WC and five BMI groups to investigate CV risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS: The proportions of central obesity and obesity were 24.2% and 39.5% in men and 19.4% and 28.1% in women, respectively, according to the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity and World Health Organization Asia-Pacific Guideline criteria. The odds ratios (ORs) of CV risk factors in all sexes increased with increases in BMI and WC. Compared to the group with a normal WC and BMI, the adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) for having MetS and diabetes in the centrally obese and highest BMI group (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m²) were 35.95 (33.75–38.30) and 3.51 (3.26–3.77) in men and 29.22 (27.36–31.20) and 4.35 (4.02–4.70) in women, respectively. Participants who were centrally obese and obese (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m²) had the strongest correlation with all CV risk factors compared with those who were not centrally obese or obese. CONCLUSION: The presence of central obesity in multiple BMI categories may significantly identify individuals at increased risk of CV risk factors.

Association between Sarcopenia and Dipstick Proteinuria in the Elderly Population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2009–2011 / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and proteinuria are significant health difficulties in the elderly; however, few studies have investigated their relationship. In this study, we investigated the association between sarcopenia and proteinuria in Korean subjects over 60 years old. METHODS: We included data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey conducted from 2009 to 2011 (n=4,008). Sarcopenia was defined using appendicular skeletal muscle mass as a percentage of body weight. Proteinuria was defined by a urine dipstick test result above trace levels. RESULTS: The overall proteinuria prevalence was 7.2%. The incidence of sarcopenia was significantly higher in subjects with proteinuria. The prevalence of proteinuria was significantly higher in the sarcopenic group (5.5% vs. 14.5% in the non-chronic kidney disease (CKD) group; 17.2% vs. 23.2% in the CKD group) than in the non-sarcopenic group. Furthermore, sarcopenic participants had worse metabolic parameters, such as higher body mass indexes, waist circumferences, and fasting glucose levels, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than those in the non-CKD group. After adjustment for confounders, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for proteinuria were 2.84 (1.92–4.18) in the sarcopenic non-CKD group, 3.70 (2.59–5.30) in the non-sarcopenic CKD group, and 5.19 (2.64–10.18) in the sarcopenic CKD group, compared to the non-sarcopenic, non-CKD group. Sarcopenia increased the proteinuria risk in elderly participants without CKD, even after adjustment for obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: These findings showed that sarcopenia was associated with dipstick proteinuria, especially in elderly participants without CKD, regardless of comorbidities.

A Case of Ruptured Acute Appendicitis Presenting as Pneumoperitoneum in Low Birth Weighted Premature Baby

Acute appendicitis is very rare in premature neonates. Preoperative diagnosis of this condition is difficult, and then it leads to high morbidity and mortality. We report 9-day-old premature male with ruptured acute appendicitis presented with pneumoperitoneum on plain films of the abdomen. Awareness of this rare condition and possible differential diagnosis in this age group is also discussed.